Poverty in The United States of America Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Neediness in The United States of America - Essay Example The central legislature of US has made some significant strides so as to address the issue of neediness. From its underlying stages in 2001, it has concocted numerous plans that incorporate the dynamic personal duty, open help programs and financial advancement programs. (infoplease.com, 2007) The Progressive Income charge demands higher duty on individuals with higher salary rates and the other way around. All residents profit similar administrations. Anyway the expense payable contrasts. The open help programs broaden clinical offices and administrations like food stamps and clinical guide that permit the poor to meet their essential needs. Monetary improvement programs give money related guide to help working ladies and jobless to set up independent work plans. These additionally help private companies that can't confront the money related deficiency. Cash is overwhelmed into preparing projects and steps have been taken to decrease the unevenness in pay levels. The means taken by the national government to create full business are apparent. Despite every one of these measures by the administration, the residents are unsettled about the manner in which changes are working and the means taken by the legislature. ... The help by the administration for families with pay bunch underneath the dynamic edge determined. Consistently isn't doing any acceptable. A superior measure is keep it as low as 40000 US dollars. (Sawhill, 2006) Statistics show that about 1.7 million poor youth (futureofchildren.org, 2006) came out of school and work by 2005. The means taken by the administration to help the young by having independent work programs are feeble. A significant commitment to joblessness is the issue of the previous detainees. These don't discover stable approach to turn into a piece of the general public. The nation with most noteworthy detainment rate scarcely took significant choice to re-coordinate the previous detainees as working work. The idea of giving joblessness protection is obvious. Be that as it may, this being sent to just 35% of jobless is an undesirable sign. (Sawhill, 2006) Fewer advances have been taken to decrease costs and improve the budgetary help. The spending proposition of 2007 additionally has been vile. It requests poor people, youngsters and older to pay for no profits. This roughly takes out around 300000 individuals in poor working families from utilizing food stamps and in excess of 35000 youngsters would lose the free dinners and in excess of 40000 poor matured would be denied on beneficial food circulation. (Kuroiwa, 2007) This likewise suggests a decrease of around $600 million as awards for poor people and furthermore squeezing hard on the qualification measures for TANF conspire (Temporary Assistance to Needy Families). (Kuroiwa, 2007) This demonstrate the government assistance changes of US neglected to work effectively. Over 60% of residents are distraught about the

Nursing Human Development Process

Question: Examine about the Report for Nursing of Human Development Process. Answer: Each living being change and develop and during this procedure become increasingly enhanced, skillful and fit in managing the outside world. Each individual is extraordinary and along these lines they develop or create in a one of a kind path relying upon the physical, intellectual and profound development through different stages from earliest stages to adulthood. However, the request for improvement continues as before for each person. This movement is named as human turn of events. The human improvement stages are ordered into four unmistakable stages and they are earliest stages, youth, puberty and adulthood (Bornstein Bradley 2014). In each stage the individual faces, and ideally experience, new difficulties and investigate and they step by step build up a feeling of perceiving new things. People, at the underlying stage incapable to slither or walk, however immediately become capable at these abilities, and proceed onward to running and beyond.When an individual develops they b egin to grow new propensities, learn new things and their interdependency builds (Kogan 2013). In this exposition I am going to introduce the human advancement realities dependent on the physical, social-social and subjective issues. Notwithstanding this the procedure of improvement of self-character and confidence of a people life and joining of important gauges of training into the nursing practice will be examined. Human advancement is the procedure of physical, intellectual and profound development and progress of a person. One of the youth organizes, the little children are regularly named as preschooler. Regarding the preschoolers the physical development is little more slow than the babies and babies, yet the improvement is consistent and furthermore persistent. By the age of 6 years the size turns out to be near a grown-up and the body turns out to be progressively planned. Engine capacities step by step grow, for example, tossing, getting and skipping Spodek Saracho (2014). A total arrangement of transitory teeth gives the idea that are again supplanted by the thirty two changeless teeth with time. Expansion to this the normal load of a five to six years youngster has been evaluated as 20.4 kilograms. As indicated by Jean Piaget this stage is named as the pre-operational stage. The intellectual advancement is portrayed by learning of signs and images, creative mind to upgrade the play, im provement in verbal correspondence, expanded socialization and better thinking ability Gottfried (2013). In addition, expanded language and picture aptitudes are additionally seen in preschoolers. The conduct or mental improvement in this specific age is naturally other gender arranged. At this stage the conduct viewpoint is intervened through social communications. Offspring of this stage are very inclined to the feelings of dread of bad dreams, new areas and their own creative mind or dreams. As anticipated by Kohlbergs this specific stage is commanded by moral thinking. The offspring of this age obey administers so as to maintain a strategic distance from discipline. In agreement to this age the ideas of god, soul, damnation or paradise are peculiar and now and again startling. The development of the preschoolers re exceptionally affected upon by the social measurements (Gottfried, 2013). With the coming of the youth stage various standardizing and non-regulating advances occur (Hershkowitz et al. 2012). At this stage the youngsters become dynamic pioneers of their condition. Agreeing Jean Piagets hypothesis of intellectual turn of events, the youth stage is isolated into two sections the pre-applied stage which includes offspring of the ages 2 to 4 years and instinctive stage which includes offspring old enough 4 to 7 years. The youngsters between the ages of 3 to 6 years think emblematically and their reasoning is for the most part egocentric. The standardizing advances in these youngsters include expanded size, changes in physical appearance, language improvement, enthusiastic and otherworldly turn of events (Fisher et al. 2013). According to the hypothesis of connection of Bowlby, the connection designs that begins with early stages applies an enormous impact and discover articulation in an assortment of sociological practices that proceeds all through the life ex pectancy. The distinction in the kid connection designs is because of the unmistakable example of reactions towards the social associations. The non-standardizing advances are the eccentric changes that happen contingent upon specific circumstances. Non-regularizing changes can cause physical just as enthusiastic changes. For instance, demise of guardians can damage an offspring of this age. Bowlby expressed that, the connection between the youngsters and their folks helps in the advancement of a childs interior world. Thusly, unexpected end of the guardians of an offspring of this age can affect contrarily on a childs mental wellbeing (Hershkowitz et al., 2012). Erikson expressed that, very phases of advancement is profoundly affected by a people cooperations with nature. The idea of self-character requires a consistent idea and purposeful dynamic (Charlesworth, 2013). By the age of 3 years a youngster builds up solid self and could recognize that person as a different life. The self-idea can be characterized as the feeling of belongingness and being acknowledged by the world. The self-idea creates from the birth and it gets a structure with time. Youngsters inside the age of 3 to 6 years can recognize them as discrete elements. The mental self portrait of such kids is more spellbinding than being critical. At five years old the youngsters become mindful of the necessities of their gathering (Kreppner Lerner, 2013). A five to six years youngster builds up the intensity of words and imparts successfully so as to set up their own needs inside the gathering. Confidence in preschoolers creates from a few factors, for example, relationship, kinsh ip and aiding and playing task. In offspring of this age have high confidence and stays idealistic while getting the hang of, completing an errand and making progress (Charlesworth, 2013). The advancement of the sentiment of independency in preschoolers gets misleading by new things. The self-idea of kids between the ages of 3 to 6 years is represented by numerous variables, for example, the social elements, enthusiastic associations social components and natural elements. The regularizing and non-regulating advances among these kids are essentially influenced with the acknowledgment of the self-idea (Kreppner Lerner 2013). Certain investigations have concentrated on the way that the preschoolers build up the solid capacity to be decisive and they are believed to step up to the plate in undertakings. Consolation of these kids in doing new assignments can decidedly affect on their self-idea. On the opposite certain non-regulating advances likewise influence the self-idea. For instance, failure to begin another undertaking or sentiment of blame can contrarily affect on the self-idea. Be that as it may, offspring of these ages don't know about the restricting attributes i n an individual. They additionally can't regularly connect the distinctive self-portrayal into a coordinated self-picture (Gottfried, 2013). Moorhead (2013) expressed that, therapists and medical caretakers look to acknowledge and comprehend the wellbeing necessities of others and in like manner change their own practices, emotions and considerations so as to upgrade the prosperity of those individuals. As per the NMBA, 2016 nursing practice principles, attendants should think fundamentally and break down the nursing rehearse and furthermore take part in restorative and expert relationship. Preschoolers are of the early formative stages in individuals. Along these lines, it is imperative to execute the NMBA, 2016 nursing practice in their lives however fundamentally break down their inconveniences and fuse it into clinical treatment of them. Right off the bat, comprehension of their turn of events and fundamentally examining their ailment and outcomes is a noteworthy piece of the nursing practice in agreement to the NMBA gauges. Furthermore, as expressed by NMBA gauges one of the key pieces of the nursing practice is to b uild up a remedial and expert relationship. Along these lines, as a medical attendant it is essential to speak with the childs guardians about their receptive example and treat the infections clinically (Ball et al., 2013). The pre-operational stage in human advancement as alluded by Piaget is a huge formative stage which includes a few regularizing and non-standardizing advances. These stage encounters a few physical, subjective and socio-social improvements which eventually helps in the development of self-idea, self-personality and confidence. In this way, through cautious appraisal and family instruction medical caretakers can help in legitimate kid advancement and improve their own proficient work on as indicated by the NMBA guidelines. References: Ball, J. W., Bindler, R. C., Cowen, K. J. (2013).Child wellbeing nursing. Prentice Hall. Bornstein, M. H., Bradley, R. H. (Eds.). (2014).Socioeconomic status, child rearing, and youngster improvement. Routledge. Charlesworth, R. (2013).Understanding youngster improvement. Cengage Learning. Fisher, K. R., Hirshà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Pasek, K., Newcombe, N., Golinkoff, R. M. (2013). Coming to fruition: Supporting preschoolers' securing of geometric information through guided play.Child Development,84(6), 1872-1878. Gottfried, A. W. (Ed.). (2013).Home condition and early intellectual turn of events: Longitudinal research. Scholarly Press. Hershkowitz, I., Lamb, M. E., Orbach, Y., Katz, C., Horowitz, D. (2012). The improvement of open and account abilities among preschoolers: Lessons from criminological meetings about youngster abuse.Child development,83(2), 611-622. Kogan, N. (2013).Cognitive Styles in Infancy and Early Childhood (Psychology Revivals). Brain science Press. Kreppner, K., Lerner, R. M. (Eds.). (2013).Family frameworks and life expectancy improvement. Brain science Press. Moorhead, S. (2013).Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC), Measurement of Health Outcomes, 5: Nursing Outcomes Cl

Mind Mapping for Lawyers How to Organize Information Effectively - Focus

Mind Mapping for Lawyers How to Organize Information Effectively - Focus Winning a case is about information, and theres no better way to collect, organize and present information than a mind map. If youre looking for a more effective way to prepare for depositions and  get an overview of the most important aspects of a case, read on. “Mind mapping is great for lawyers because it lets them collect information, organize it in a meaningful way and turn it into a compelling case to present in court.” Dave Maxfield,  Attorney Looking for even more ways to use mind maps? Get inspired with these 13 mind map examples. Intelligent Information Management As with every other kind of argument, winning a case is about information, about knowing the facts. No matter which field of law, whether it’s criminal, civil, corporate, family or any other, the facts are what can make or break a case, and it’s the attorney’s job to make them work for him. What makes this task so difficult is the sheer amount of information associated with a legal case. Evidence, witness statements, police reports, autopsies, financial statements, names, dates, relationships â€" everything from the criminal history of a suspect to the weather can be of importance. Getting a good overview of all the facts is problem number one. Number two is structuring them in a meaningful way. Number three is being able to find certain pieces of information again at the crucial moment, and number four is presenting them convincingly. This is where mind mapping comes into play. As a visual thinking tool, it enables attorneys to identify connections, make sense of information, get an overview of the most important aspects of a case and also memorize the details more efficiently. Your browser is not able to display frames. Please visit Deposition of Dr. John Smith M. D. on MindMeister. A number of attorneys already use MindMeister to realize the full potential of mind maps and utilize them to organize their cases.  Heres what MindMeister enables them to do: Collect all links, files and notes relating to a case at a central point Capture ideas and new data as the case progresses Rearrange and structure information in a meaningful way Search their maps by keyword or icon Seamlessly switch between devices Turn their arguments into powerful presentations Outline questioning strategies for depositions and much more. See how others are doing it Dave Maxfield, the two-time Chairman of the Consumer Law section of the South Carolina Bar, uses MindMeister to prepare for his depositions. You can read the full case study here. You might also like Building and using mind maps in legal education, a talk by Jeffrey Ritter, Georgetown Law. Introduce mind mapping in your business Try MindMeister Mind Mapping for Lawyers How to Organize Information Effectively - Focus Winning a case is about information, and theres no better way to collect, organize and present information than a mind map. If youre looking for a more effective way to prepare for depositions and  get an overview of the most important aspects of a case, read on. “Mind mapping is great for lawyers because it lets them collect information, organize it in a meaningful way and turn it into a compelling case to present in court.” Dave Maxfield,  Attorney Looking for even more ways to use mind maps? Get inspired with these 13 mind map examples. Intelligent Information Management As with every other kind of argument, winning a case is about information, about knowing the facts. No matter which field of law, whether it’s criminal, civil, corporate, family or any other, the facts are what can make or break a case, and it’s the attorney’s job to make them work for him. What makes this task so difficult is the sheer amount of information associated with a legal case. Evidence, witness statements, police reports, autopsies, financial statements, names, dates, relationships â€" everything from the criminal history of a suspect to the weather can be of importance. Getting a good overview of all the facts is problem number one. Number two is structuring them in a meaningful way. Number three is being able to find certain pieces of information again at the crucial moment, and number four is presenting them convincingly. This is where mind mapping comes into play. As a visual thinking tool, it enables attorneys to identify connections, make sense of information, get an overview of the most important aspects of a case and also memorize the details more efficiently. Your browser is not able to display frames. Please visit Deposition of Dr. John Smith M. D. on MindMeister. A number of attorneys already use MindMeister to realize the full potential of mind maps and utilize them to organize their cases.  Heres what MindMeister enables them to do: Collect all links, files and notes relating to a case at a central point Capture ideas and new data as the case progresses Rearrange and structure information in a meaningful way Search their maps by keyword or icon Seamlessly switch between devices Turn their arguments into powerful presentations Outline questioning strategies for depositions and much more. See how others are doing it Dave Maxfield, the two-time Chairman of the Consumer Law section of the South Carolina Bar, uses MindMeister to prepare for his depositions. You can read the full case study here. You might also like Building and using mind maps in legal education, a talk by Jeffrey Ritter, Georgetown Law. Introduce mind mapping in your business Try MindMeister

The Theme Of Time In Sir Thomas Wyatt, Jane Austen And...

The theme of time is one presented in the works of Sir Thomas Wyatt, Jane Austen, and Robert Browning through their characters and speakers perspective of time and what it does for the . In Sir Thomas Wyatt’s, They flee from me, displays time perceived through a character’s point of view. Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice portrays the historical time period in her novel while Robert Browning’s The Last Duchess describes the speaker manipulating and wanting control of time. Altogether, the three authors present a different outlook of what time means to them and their speakers. Thomas Wyatt’s poem of They flee from me provides the central theme of time in two different ways, how time is perceived through the eyes of the speaker and how†¦show more content†¦In Jane Austen’s novel of Pride and Prejudice, there is a representation of time in the sense of historical time. During this period, marriage was acceptable for the act of social s tatus and financial ability, not for the purpose of romance. This historical time and the culture impacts individuals because there are two options, marry someone of the same class or go against the norm and marry someone of lower status, however the second option is frowned upon among society. Thus, if you do want to defeat the norm, you are also up against society’s perspective of you. This idea is reinforced whenever Lady Catherine claims that if Elizabeth were to ever accept Darcy’s hand in marriage then Elizabeth â€Å"will be censured, slighted, and despised, by everyone connected with him† since Elizabeth will have been one that ruins the destined relationship between Miss De Bourgh and Darcy. The tone of Lady Catherine is critical because it displays her harsh judgmental of class status, also being a voice for the majority of society who wants classes to be separate, not intermingle. The purpose of this is for Elizabeth to be frightened of the consequenc es with possibly marrying Darcy, even though Elizabeth retracts with witty comments, this makes Lady Catherine furious through their conversation.

Public Health, Safety, And The Environment - 750 Words

Since there is such a large amount of food waste, where does it go? Although not all food waste ends up in landfills, there is a large amount that does. Studies show that â€Å"food wastage in 2007 represented the production of 1.4 billion hectares of land, equal to about 30 % of the world’s agricultural land area, and larger than the surface of Canada† (â€Å"Global Food Wastage†). With landfills taking up such a large percentage of land, there is less land for farmers, housing, and other resources. Landfills also give off multiple dangerous chemicals. For example, landfills give off greenhouse gases, dioxins, furans, and mercury (â€Å"Public Health, Safety, and the Environment†). Landfills are also a severe cause of deforestation. Also, landfills take†¦show more content†¦An example would be the rise in the migration to urban areas and rapid changes in what foods are wanted by consumers. As people begin to move into urban areas, the amount of f armers and help begin decreasing. Research has proven that the popularity for urban environments is in a constant rise. Sadly, recent observations have concluded that â€Å"the proportion of the world’s population employed in agriculture has declined in recent decades and 50 per cent of the world’s population now lives in urban environments. This proportion is expected to rise to 70 per cent by 2050† (Parfitt et al., â€Å"Food Waste within Food Supply Chains†). Being in shape or skinny has been important for many years. Seventy-seven percent of America’s population is trying to lose or maintain their weight (â€Å"Americans Concerned about Their Weight†). A fad diet is a popular diet that usually known for success. Fad diets usually change the foods consumed by the dieter. As the fads change, so does the demand for different types of food. As the demand for one food item increases, the demand of others decrease. Due to the constant changes, it is extremely difficult for farmers to plan what they need to grow. As farmers fail to predict the amount of crops needed, the extra food is more likely to become waste. As the predictability changes, farmers cannot make profit. This also leads to the decline of farms.

A Critical Appreciation of Wallace Steven’s Free Essays

The beaker of the poem, a man, is walking down a beach with a friend and hears a woman singing. He muses on how the sounds of the ocean contrast and inspire her voice. He imagines that she is as beautiful as both her song and the ocean. We will write a custom essay sample on A Critical Appreciation of Wallace Steven’s or any similar topic only for you Order Now Though he doesn’t actually see the woman’s face, the speaker knows that she is lovely. As he walks behind her, the speaker notices how her bright, ethereal voice compares to the dark sounding sea. To him it is almost as if the ocean was a spirit whose voice they could not hear, but knew was there. For most of the poem Stevens paints a picture of n ocean that is both enchanting and mysterious at the same time. In turn, the woman’s song is made mystical and alluring because of the setting. Though we, the readers, don’t see the woman or hear her song, we experience the transformation that the sea, the city, and the speaker go through. In the fourth stanza the tone of the poem turns darker and the speaker begins to notice things other than the woman, her song, and the ocean. He claims that it was her voice that made the sky clearer and the ocean belonged to her and her song alone. He and his companion realize hat the only world for her was the â€Å"one she sang and, singing, made. In the seventh stanza we learn the name of the speaker’s companion: Ramona Fernando. He (the speaker) asks Ramona why things looked different after the mystery woman finished her song; her song made the city lights brighter and more enchanting than they were before. At this point we realize that the speaker has had an epiphany. Some critics say that the speaker’s epiphany was Stevensâ⠂¬â„¢ way of showing the importance of art. Without it, and in this case without song, we would never be able to see the world Leary. The woman’s song opened up the speakers eyes to the light of the world around him, and in turn the poem itself opened up our eyes. The poem focuses on the perception of imagination and reality. In this poem, reality pertains to the totality of all things possessing actuality, existence or essence; imagination, on the other hand, captures and interprets reality so an individual is able to create their own meaning of the given world, and escape the facts of existence through their own sense of creativity and ingenuity. At the beginning of the poem the speaker seeks an answer to whether the song exists through an external reality or within his ability to formulate this into something personal. Throughout his walk the speaker never truly determines whether the song is an external reality or within his own imagination, Stevens proposes that the song is neither, since one is not able to exist without the other. Near the end of the poem, the speaker muses upon the woman’s song and determines that she is both of song and sea, thus his enjoyment is derived out of a fusion of his imagination interpreting the voice along with an external awareness of his surrounding reality. Above all, Stevens captures and portrays this theme through his understanding of the human condition which perceives the inhuman as human. Throughout â€Å"The Idea of Order at Key West† the narrator seemingly attempts to distinguish whether the song he hears is the sea’s waves singing to the woman’s voice, or if the singer’s tune is his imagination’s perception of the ocean. To answer this question, Stevens suggest that the narrator must investigate and recognize the difference between imagination and reality. Since the sea is an external nature which causes a meaningless â€Å"constant cry’ and cannot be â€Å"formed to mind or voice†, the orator must distinguish the ocean’s image and counterpart through the singer. Likewise, her ability to utter the sound of the waves â€Å"word by word† helps to transform the inhuman song of the sea into the entirely human song of the woman. Moreover, as the singer measures and interprets her song; the ocean similarly analyzes and follows the laws of nature. As the speaker begins to perceive that the song is more than the sea merely singing through the woman’s voice, he begins to feel a sense of ineffability which goes beyond the mere language of the tune and experience of his walk. Thus in stanza went eight he states: â€Å"But it was more than that, more even than her voice, and ours† The narrator begins to accept the mystery behind the songs blissfulness and acquires the tune as the driving spirit of all the external realities in his presence. This realization of the songs ineffability makes â€Å"the sky acutest at its vanishing† (35) and â€Å"measured to the hour at its solitude†. For Stevens, these acts of interpretation are essentially human acts which help people come in touch with themselves and the world around them in order to experience the Joys of being one with both themselves ND nature. Within the final lines of the poem, Stevens’ links the title by connecting with and relating to our desire for ordered experiences and sympathizes among us since we always try to make the inhuman human. Thus at the ending, the woman’s song guides the narrator and helps to clear the vision between the order which humans seek of the natural world: â€Å"O! Blessed rage for order†. Likewise this cognizance opens â€Å"fragrant portals†. The â€Å"fragrant portals† are important because they open a new door to an edifying new self-awareness. Moreover, as narrator begins to apprehend the usage of the woman’s song, he realizes that the song allowed him to see order in the world. Additionally, the song produces from within him a desire to create his own song, in order to interact and correspond with the imagination of others Just like woman has done to his. Stevens’ understanding of the human condition serves a great purpose in â€Å"The Idea of Order at Key West†. Stevens portrays the narrator’s experiences through the reflection of his thoughts. When the voice comes along he begins to change his way of thinking because she helps him understand and become conscious of the illusion of his imagination. Through the language of â€Å"The Idea of Order at Key West† Wallace Stevens expresses his perception of the world. His thoughts and language become his instruments that craft the poem. Through the readers of the poem, Stevens captures and engages them: â€Å"It is the spectator and not life, which art really mirrors† (Oscar Willed) As the spectator mirrors this form of art and interprets meaning into the works allurement, they becoming cultivated and enlightened. As a poet, Wallace Stevens believed that poetry should be similar to a work of art. And like a work of art, Stevens’ poetry helps his readers discover order in a chaotic world. How to cite A Critical Appreciation of Wallace Steven’s, Papers

The Roles of Security Peronnell Essay Example

The Roles of Security Peronnell Essay The roles of security personnel in the context of modern society is both ambiguous and varied. Often the authority of security personnel is dependent upon what or who the security officer is protecting. The authority and roles of security personnel can therefore be divided into two main groups, and this essay shall cover each group in detail, both in regard to their role in protection and their authority over other persons. The first and by far the most prevalent role of security can be defined by the slogan Observe and Report. These persons are generally not commissioned with the authority to arrest or apprehend. Their role instead is indeed more focused on criminal deterrence and prevention. Security Guards also exist to enforce company rules, and can act to protect property and save lives. Indeed these personnel have an obligation under contract to provide these services. Security guards are also used by companies to reduce their insurance premiums;Â   a guard on watch can report fire or other form of property damage before an general loss of the building or premises has occurred. In fact, the cost of hiring 24 hour security staff will often outweigh the discount given by insurance companies for hiring security personnel. We will write a custom essay sample on The Roles of Security Peronnell specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Roles of Security Peronnell specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Roles of Security Peronnell specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Security guards also perform a vital role in preventing company losses from the inside. These can include employee theft, misconduct, or even sabotage. Guards also provide access to secure areas of a facility, ensuring that only authorized persons are allowed access. Control points can include vehicle gates and building entrances. Security guards are also commissioned to assist in minor emergencies on the premises, including lost persons, vehicle problems, lockouts etc. It can therefore be said that the authority of the first type of security personal, designated here as guards, is limited to observation and reporting, in addition to access control and assistance in minor problems. Their authority does not go far beyond this, and they have no real power to detain or arrest a person, especially if that person is uncooperative. There are also problems in relation to liability if a security guard performs an arrest,. In fact it is a general practice, especially in casinos, that a guard will seek only to detain a person, but not make an arrest until police authorities arrive. The second category of security personally is similar to the first, but with several added responsibilities. The first of these is protection of property, much like the guards, however, this protection can be active, instead of passive, and often security officers are armed, and are authorized to use force to protect their property. Their areas of protection can include (http://www.crimedoctor.com/apartmen5.htm) apartment complexes, mall security, and private patrols. Security officers are also charged with protecting lives, and ensuring the safety of others within their area of authority. To this end, the enforcement of the public peace is another responsibility of a security officer. Therefore, the authority of Security Officers is somewhat more severe than that of the more basic guard, but they remain limited to a degree by their position. It falls to the third and final category of security personnel to provide the most personally effective and potentially lethal type of security occupation. Personal Security, known colloquially as a Bodyguard, is a form of security that is typified by the protection of select person or persons, through whatever force is necessary (Freedonia Group, Inc., Mar 1, 2004, Business Reports). The pay for this form os security is generally much higher than the other two previously mentioned categories. Bodyguards are once more finding extremely dangerous and profitable work in the more hazardous sectors of the world. Many (if not all) private firms operating in the war-torn country of Iraq utilize private security to protect their interests and employees. These personally are usually veterans of the military, police, or both, and they are charged with protecting the life of their charge through any means necessary, up to and including lethal force. Due top the fact that the vast majority of security personnel fall into the first or second categories, their authority is somewhat limited. whether this is a good or bad thing is an open question, but it must be addressed. If a security guard is given too much authority, without proper training, they may overstep their bounds, the consequences of which can be disastrous. (http://www.opm.gov/FEDCLASS/gs008385.pdf) If trained police shoot people for holding a cellophane or a grapefruit, what would happen if a young and inexperienced security guard, given the authority and ability to cause bodily harm, used that power on an undeserving person? There must be a balance in the authority of security personnel, but it must be remembered that they are not police officers, and they are not given powers by neigh local or state governments to make arrests or interrogate suspect. It is thus concluded that the primary role of security officers and other personnel is that of deterrence, this is, the prevention of crime by their very presence. In the event of an emergency, when no police is forthcoming, and lives are at stake, it does fall to security officers to protect the lives and property under their jurisdiction. Despite the many derogatory terms for security officers, they do indeed play a vital role in maintaining public security, protecting property, and ensuring the safety of civilians.